Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Volume 183, Issue 2 , Pages 167-169 , 30 August 2010

Amygdala reactivity to faces at varying intensities of threat in generalized social phobia: An event-related functional MRI study

  • Heide Klumpp

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, Room 2744, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2700, United States. Tel.: +1 734 232 0194; fax: +1 734 936 7868.
    • ,
  • Mike Angstadt

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
    • ,
  • Pradeep J. Nathan

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
    • ,
  • K. Luan Phan

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

Received 18 February 2010 ,Revised 30 April 2010 ,Accepted 5 May 2010.

References 

  1. Amaral DG. The amygdala, social behavior, and danger detection. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2003;1000:337–347
  2. Ekman P. Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life. New York: Henry Holt and Company, LLC; 2003;
  3. Ekman P, Friesen WV. Pictures of Facial Affect. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1976;
  4. Etkin A, Wager TD. Functional neuroimaging of anxiety: a meta-analysis of emotional processing in PTSD, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobia. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 2007;164:1476–1488
  5. Evans KC, Wright CI, Wedig MM, Gold AL, Pollack MH, Rauch SL. A functional MRI study of amygdala responses to angry schematic faces in social anxiety disorder. Depression and Anxiety. 2008;25:496–505
  6. First MB, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbon M. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV—patient edition (SCID—P). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1995;
  7. Joormann J, Gotlib IH. Is this happiness I see? Biases in the identification of emotional facial expressions in depression and social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 2006;115:705–714
  8. Liebowitz MR. Social phobia. Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry. 1987;22:141–173
  9. Stein MB, Stein DJ. Social anxiety disorder. Lancet. 2008;371:1115–1125
  10. Walter B, Blecker C, Kirsch P, Sammer G, Schienle A, Stark R, et al. MARINA: an easy to use tool for the creation of MAsks for Region of INterest Analyses. Neuroimage. 2003;19:S47
  11. Winston JS, O'Doherty J, Dolan RJ. Common and distinct neural responses during direct and incidental processing of multiple facial emotions. Neuroimage. 2003;20:84–97
  12. Young AW, Rowland D, Calder AJ, Etcoff NL, Seth A, Perrett DI. Facial expression megamix: tests of dimensional and category accounts of emotion recognition. Cognition. 1997;63:271–313
  13. Zald DH. The human amygdala and the emotional evaluation of sensory stimuli. Brain Research Reviews. 2003;41:88–123

PII: S0925-4927(10)00157-5

doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.05.001

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Volume 183, Issue 2 , Pages 167-169 , 30 August 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution