Reduced task-related suppression during semantic repetition priming in schizophrenia

Abstract 

Few studies have reported the reduced suppression of brain activity within the default network in schizophrenia. The relationship, however, between task-specific activation and default network suppression, as well as impact of this relationship on brain function, is still not clear, and it has not been studied in schizophrenia so far. We used previously published data showing a relationship between semantic encoding and white matter integrity in schizophrenia (Jeong et al., 2009), and reanalyzed the data using an independent component analysis (ICA). Participants comprised 10 healthy control subjects and 10 patients with chronic schizophrenia who underwent an fMRI scan during which they performed the Levels of Processing paradigm. The semantic processing-related independent components were compared between two groups using tensor-ICA. An independent component of semantic repetition priming showed a significant difference between the two groups. The component consisted of both less activated and less suppressed regions within the patients' brains. The less activated regions included the bilateral inferior frontal gyri and the supramarginal gyri. The less suppressed regions included the medial frontal gyrus, the posterior cingulate gyrus, the precuneus and the right cerebellum. Our results suggest two components of semantic repetition priming deficit in schizophrenia: one related to weaker suppression of default network, mainly precuneus and medial frontal gyrus, the other related to weaker activation of regions directly involved in semantic repetition priming.

Keywords: Semantic processing, Functional MRI, Schizophrenia, Independent component analysis, Default network