Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Volume 181, Issue 1 , Pages 51-56 , 30 January 2010

Cannabis use and callosal white matter structure and integrity in recent-onset schizophrenia

Received 16 September 2008 ,Revised 17 March 2009 ,Accepted 12 June 2009.

References 

  1. Agartz I, Andersson JL, Skare S. Abnormal brain white matter in schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Neuroreport. 2001;12:2251–2254
  2. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed.. Washington, DC: APA; 1994;
  3. Ardekani BA, Nierenberg J, Hoptman MJ, Javitt DC, Lim KO. MRI study of white matter diffusion anisotropy in schizophrenia. NeuroReport. 2003;14:2025–2029
  4. Arndt S, Tyrrell G, Flaum M, Andreasen NC. Comorbidity of substance abuse and schizophrenia: the role of pre-morbid adjustment. Psychological Medicine. 1992;22:379–388
  5. Arnone D, McIntosh AM, Tan GM, Ebmeier KP. Meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research. 2008;101:124–132
  6. Bangalore SS, Prasad KM, Montrose DM, Goradia DD, Diwadkar VA, Keshavan MS. Cannabis use and brain structural alterations in first episode schizophrenia — a region of interest, voxel based morphometric study. Schizophrenia Research. 2008;99:1–6
  7. Barnes TR, Mutsatsa SH, Hutton SB, Watt HC, Joyce EM. Comorbid substance use and age at onset of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2006;188:237–242
  8. Beaulieu C. The basis of anisotropic water diffusion in the nervous system — a technical review. NMR in Biomedicine. 2002;15:435–455
  9. Bersani G, Orlandi V, Kotzalidis GD, Pancheri P. Cannabis and schizophrenia: impact on onset, course, psychopathology and outcomes. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. 2002;252:86–92
  10. Buhler B, Hambrecht M, Loffler W, Van der Heiden W, Hafner H. Precipitation and determination of the onset and course of schizophrenia by substance abuse—a retrospective and prospective study of 232 population-based first illness episodes. Schizophrenia Research. 2002;54:243–251
  11. Cahn W, Hulshoff Pol HE, Caspers E, Van Haren NE, Schnack HG, Kahn RS. Cannabis and brain morphology in recent-onset schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research. 2004;67:305–307
  12. Caspari D. Cannabis and schizophrenia: results of a follow-up study. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. 1999;249:45–49
  13. Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Cannon M, McClay J, Murray R, Harrington H, et al. Moderation of the effect of adolescent-onset cannabis use on adult psychosis by a functional polymorphism in the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene: longitudinal evidence of a gene × environment interaction. Biological Psychiatry. 2005;57:1117–1127
  14. Coulston CM, Perdices M, Tennant CC. The neuropsychological correlates of cannabis use in schizophrenia: lifetime abuse/dependence, frequency of use, and recency of use. Schizophrenia Research. 2007;96:169–184
  15. Davis KL, Stewart DG, Friedman JI, Buchsbaum M, Harvey PD, Hof PR, et al. White matter changes in schizophrenia: evidence for myelin-related dysfunction. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2003;60:443–456
  16. Dean B, Sundram S, Bradbury R, Scarr E, Copolov D. Studies on [3H]CP-55940 binding in the human central nervous system: regional specific changes in density of cannabinoid-1 receptors associated with schizophrenia and cannabis use. Neuroscience. 2001;103:9–15
  17. DeLisi LE, Bertisch HC, Szulc KU, Majcher M, Brown K, Bappal A, et al. A preliminary DTI study showing no brain structural change associated with adolescent cannabis use. Harm Reduction Journal. 2006;3:17
  18. DeLisi LE. The effect of cannabis on the brain: can it cause brain anomalies that lead to increased risk for schizophrenia?. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 2008;21:140–150
  19. Ehrenreich H, Rinn T, Kunert HJ, Moeller MR, Poser W, Schilling L, et al. Specific attentional dysfunction in adults following early start of cannabis use. Psychopharmacology. 1999;142:295–301
  20. Eriksson SH, Rugg-Gunn FJ, Symms MR, Barker GJ, Duncan JS. Diffusion tensor imaging in patients with epilepsy and malformations of cortical development. Brain. 2001;124:617–626
  21. Foong J, Maier M, Clark CA, Barker GJ, Miller DH, Ron MA. Neuropathological abnormalities of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 2000;68:242–244
  22. Giuffrida A, Leweke FM, Gerth CW, Schreiber D, Koethe D, Faulhaber J, et al. Cerebrospinal anandamide levels are elevated in acute schizophrenia and are inversely correlated with psychotic symptoms. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004;29:2108–2114
  23. Gonzalez-Pinto A, Vega P, Ibanez B, Mosquera F, Barbeito S, Gutierrez M, et al. Impact of cannabis and other drugs on age at onset of psychosis. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2008;69:1210–1216
  24. Good CD, Johnsrude IS, Ashburner J, Henson RN, Friston KJ, Frackowiak RS. A voxel-based morphometric study of ageing in 465 normal adult human brains. Neuroimage. 2001;14:21–36
  25. Grech A, Van Os J, Jones PB, Lewis SW, Murray RM. Cannabis use and outcome of recent onset psychosis. European Psychiatry. 2005;20:349–353
  26. Guy W. In: Clinical global impression. In: ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology, revised. Rockville, MD: National Insitute of Mental Health; 1976;p. 217–222
  27. Hambrecht M, Hafner H. Substance abuse and the onset of schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry. 1996;40:1155–1163
  28. Hofer S, Frahm J. Topography of the human corpus callosum revisited—comprehensive fiber tractography using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroimage. 2006;32:989–994
  29. Hubl D, Koenig T, Strik W, Federspiel A, Kreis R, Boesch C, et al. Pathways that make voices: white matter changes in auditory hallucinations. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2004;61:658–668
  30. Innocenti GM, Ansermet F, Parnas J. Schizophrenia, neurodevelopment and corpus callosum. Molecular Psychiatry. 2003;8:261–274
  31. Kanaan RA, Kim JS, Kaufmann WE, Pearlson GD, Barker GJ, McGuire PK. Diffusion tensor imaging in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry. 2005;58:921–929
  32. Leweke FM, Giuffrida A, Wurster U, Emrich HM, Piomelli D. Elevated endogenous cannabinoids in schizophrenia. Neuroreport. 1999;10:1665–1669
  33. Linszen DH, Dingemans PM, Lenior ME. Cannabis abuse and the course of recent-onset schizophrenic disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1994;51:273–279
  34. Martinez-Arevalo MJ, Calcedo-Ordoñez A, Varo-Prieto JR. Cannabis consumption as a prognostic factor in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1994;164:679–681
  35. Moeller FG, Hasan KM, Steinberg JL, Kramer LA, Valdes I, Lai LY, et al. Diffusion tensor imaging eigenvalues: preliminary evidence for altered myelin in cocaine dependence. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2007;154:253–258
  36. Moore TH, Zammit S, Lingford-Hughes A, Barnes TR, Jones PB, Burke M, et al. Cannabis use and risk of psychotic or affective mental health outcomes: a systematic review. Lancet. 2007;370:319–328
  37. Pope HG, Gruber AJ, Hudson JI, Cohane G, Huestis MA, Yurgelun-Todd D. Early-onset cannabis use and cognitive deficits: what is the nature of the association?. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2003;69:303–310
  38. Potvin S, Mancini-Marie A, Fahim C, Mensour B, Levesque J, Karama S, et al. Increased striatal gray matter densities in patients with schizophrenia and substance use disorder: a voxel-based morphometry study. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2007;154:275–279
  39. Rais M, Cahn W, Van Haren N, Schnack H, Caspers E, Hulshoff PH, et al. Excessive brain volume loss over time in cannabis-using first-episode schizophrenia patients. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2008;165:490–496
  40. Rotarska-Jagiela A, Schonmeyer R, Oertel V, Haenschel C, Vogeley K, Linden DE. The corpus callosum in schizophrenia-volume and connectivity changes affect specific regions. Neuroimage. 2008;39:1522–1532
  41. Schneider M, Koch M. Chronic pubertal, but not adult chronic cannabinoid treatment impairs sensorimotor gating, recognition memory, and the performance in a progressive ratio task in adult rats. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003;28:1760–1769
  42. Schneider M. Puberty as a highly vulnerable developmental period for the consequences of cannabis exposure. Addiction Biology. 2008;13:253–263
  43. Seok JH, Park HJ, Chun JW, Lee SK, Cho HS, Kwon JS, et al. White matter abnormalities associated with auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia: a combined study of voxel-based analyses of diffusion tensor imaging and structural magnetic resonance imaging. Schizophrenia Research. 2007;156:93–104
  44. Shaw P, Greenstein D, Lerch J, Clasen L, Lenroot R, Gogtay N, et al. Intellectual ability and cortical development in children and adolescents. Nature. 2006;440:676–679
  45. Shergill SS, Kanaan RA, Chitnis XA, O'Daly O, Jones DK, Frangou S, et al. A diffusion tensor imaging study of fasciculi in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2007;164:467–473
  46. Spitzer RL, Williams JB. Classification of mental disorders. In:  Kaplan HI,  Sadock BJ editor. Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry.. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995;
  47. Stefanis NC, Delespaul P, Henquet C, Bakoula C, Stefanis CN, Van Os J. Early adolescent cannabis exposure and positive and negative dimensions of psychosis. Addiction. 2004;99:1333–1341
  48. Stirling J, Lewis S, Hopkins R, White C. Cannabis use prior to first onset psychosis predicts spared neurocognition at 10-year follow-up. Schizophrenia Research. 2005;75:135–137
  49. Sullivan EV, Pfefferbaum A. Neurocircuitry in alcoholism: a substrate of disruption and repair. Psychopharmacology. 2005;180:583–594
  50. Sundram S. Cannabis and neurodevelopment: implications for psychiatric disorders. Human Psychopharmacology. 2006;21:245–254
  51. Szeszko PR, Robinson DG, Sevy S, Kumra S, Rupp CI, Betensky JD, et al. Anterior cingulate grey-matter deficits and cannabis use in first-episode schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2007;190:230–236
  52. Tzilos GK, Cintron CB, Wood JB, Simpson NS, Young AD, Pope HG, et al. Lack of hippocampal volume change in long-term heavy cannabis users. American Journal of Addiction. 2005;14:64–72
  53. Van Mastrigt S, Addington J, Addington D. Substance misuse at presentation to an early psychosis program. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 2004;39:69–72
  54. Veen ND, Selten JP, Van der Tweel I, Feller WG, Hoek HW, Kahn RS. Cannabis use and age at onset of schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2004;161:501–506
  55. Wilson W, Mathew R, Turkington T, Hawk T, Coleman RE, Provenzale J. Brain morphological changes and early marijuana use: a magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography study. Journal of Addictive Diseases. 2000;19:1–22
  56. Woods SW. Chlorpromazine equivalent doses for the newer atypical antipsychotics. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2003;64:663–667

PII: S0925-4927(09)00145-0

doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2009.06.003

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Volume 181, Issue 1 , Pages 51-56 , 30 January 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution