Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Volume 171, Issue 1 , Pages 54-68 , 30 January 2009

Reduced gray matter volume in ventral prefrontal cortex but not amygdala in bipolar disorder: Significant effects of gender and trait anxiety

  • Jorge R.C. Almeida

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
  • ,
  • Dalila Akkal

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • ,
  • Stefanie Hassel

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • ,
  • Michael J. Travis

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • ,
  • Layla Banihashemi

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • ,
  • Natalie Kerr

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • ,
  • David J. Kupfer

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • ,
  • Mary L. Phillips

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
    • Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry and GKT School of Medicine, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2593, USA. Tel.: +1 412 383 8206.

Received 9 October 2007 ,Revised 2 February 2008 ,Accepted 3 February 2008.

References 

  1. Altshuler LL, Bartzokis G, Grieder T, Curran J, Mintz J. Amygdala enlargement in bipolar disorder and hippocampal reduction in schizophrenia: an MRI study demonstrating neuroanatomic specificity. Archives General Psychiatry. 1998;55(7):663–664
  2. Altshuler L, Bookheimer S, Proenza MA, Townsend J, Sabb F, Firestine A, et al. Increased amygdala activation during mania: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. American Journal Psychiatry. 2005;162(6):1211–1213
  3. Ashburner J, Friston KJ. Unified segmentation. Neuroimage. 2005;26(3):839–851
  4. Bassitt DP, Neto MR, de Castro CC, Busatto GF. Insight and regional brain volumes in schizophrenia. European Archives Psychiatry Clinical Neuroscience. 2007;157(1):58–62
  5. Bear D, Schiff D, Saver J. Quantitative analysis of cerebral symmetries. Fronto-occipital correlation, sexual dimorphism and association with handedness. Archives of Neurology. 1986;43(6):598
  6. Berretta S, Pantazopoulos H, Lange N. Neuron numbers and volume of the amygdala in subjects diagnosed with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry. 2007;62(8):884–893
  7. Blumberg HP, Donegan NH, Sanislow CA, Collins S, Lacadie C, Skudlarski P, et al. Preliminary evidence for medication effects on functional abnormalities in the amygdala and anterior cingulate in bipolar disorder. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005;183(3):308–313
  8. Blumberg HP, Krystal JH, Bansal R, Martin A, Dziura J, Durkin K, et al. Age, rapid-cycling, and pharmacotherapy effects on ventral prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder: a cross-sectional study. Biological Psychiatry. 2006;59(7):611–618
  9. Bonelli RM, Kapfhammer HP, Pillay SS, Yurgelun-Todd DA. Basal ganglia volumetric studies in affective disorder: what did we learn in the last 15 years?. Journal of Neural Transmission. 2006;113(2):255–268
  10. Bowley MP, Drevets WC, Ongur D, Price JL. Low glial numbers in the amygdala in major depressive disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2002;52(5):404–412
  11. Brambilla P, Harenski K, Nicoletti M, Sassi RB, Mallinger AG, Frank E, et al. MRI investigation of temporal lobe structures in bipolar patients. Journal of Psychiatric Ressearch. 2003;37(4):287–295
  12. Bremner JD, Vythilingam M, Vermetten E, Nazeer A, Adil J, Khan S, et al. Reduced volume of orbitofrontal cortex in major depression. Biological Psychiatry. 2002;51(4):273
  13. Chang K, Barnea-Goraly N, Karchemskiy A, Simeonova DI, Barnes P, Ketter T, et al. Cortical magnetic resonance imaging findings in familial pediatric bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2005;58(3):197–203
  14. Chen X, Wen W, Malhi GS, Ivanovski B, Sachdev PS. Regional gray matter changes in bipolar disorder: a voxel-based morphometric study. Australian and New Zealand Journal Psychiatry. 2007;41(4):327–336
  15. Davis JM, Chen N. Dose response and dose equivalence of antipsychotics. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2004;24(2):192–208
  16. DelBello MP, Zimmerman ME, Mills NP, Getz GE, Strakowski SM. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of amygdala and other subcortical brain regions in adolescents with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disorder. 2004;6(1):43–52
  17. Draganski B, Gaser C, Kempermann G, Kuhn HG, Winkler J, Büchel C, et al. Temporal and spatial dynamics of brain structure changes during extensive learning. Journal of Neuroscience. 2006;26(23):6314–6317
  18. Drevets WC. Neuroimaging studies of mood disorders. Biological Psychiatry. 2000;48(8):813–829
  19. Drevets WC, Price JL, Simpson JR, Todd RD, Reich T, Vannier M, et al. Subgenual prefrontal cortex abnormalities in mood disorders. Nature. 1997;386(6627):824–827
  20. Farrow TF, Whitford TJ, Williams LM, Gomes L, Harris AW. Diagnosis-related regional gray matter loss over two years in first episode schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2005;58(9):713–723
  21. First MB, Gibbon ML, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I): User's Guide and Interview, Research Version. New York Psychiatric Institute, New York: Biometrics Research Department; 1995;
  22. Ghashghaei HT, Barbas H. Pathways for emotion: interactions of prefrontal and anterior temporal pathways in the amygdala of the rhesus monkey. Neuroscience. 2002;115(4):1261–1279
  23. Giedd JN, Clasen LS, Lenroot R, Greenstein D, Wallace GL, Ordaz S, et al. Puberty-related influences on brain development. Molecular Cellular Endocrinology. 2006;254–255:154–162
  24. Good CD, Johnsrude IS, Ashburner J, Henson RN, Friston KJ, Frackowiak RS. A voxel-based morphometric study of ageing in 465 normal adult human brains. Neuroimage. 2001;14(1 Pt 1):21–36
  25. Hastings RS, Parsey RV, Oquendo MA, Arango V, Mann JJ. Volumetric analysis of the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus in major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004;29(5):952–959
  26. Hirayasu Y, Shenton ME, Salisbury DF, Kwon JS, Wible CG, Fischer IA, et al. Subgenual cingulate cortex volume in first-episode psychosis. American Journal Psychiatry. 1999;156(7):1091–1093
  27. Kraemer HC, Kupfer DJ. Size of treatment effects and their importance to clinical research and practice. Biological Psychiatry. 2006;59(11):990–996
  28. Lawrence NS, Williams AM, Surguladze S, Giampietro V, Brammer MJ, Andrew C, et al. Subcortical and ventral prefrontal cortical neural responses to facial expressions distinguish patients with bipolar disorder and major depression. Biological Psychiatry. 2004;55(6):578–587
  29. Lenroot RK, Giedd JN. Brain development in children and adolescents: insights from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 2006;30(6):718–729
  30. Levesque J, Joanette Y, Mensour B, Beaudoin G, Leroux JM, Bourgouin P, et al. Neural basis of emotional self-regulation in childhood. Neuroscience. 2004;129(2):361–369
  31. Lopez-Larson MP, DelBello MP, Zimmerman ME, Schwiers ML, Strakowski SM. Regional prefrontal gray and white matter abnormalities in bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2002;52(2):93–100
  32. Lyoo IK, Kim MJ, Stoll AL, Demopulos CM, Parow AM, Dager SR, et al. Frontal lobe gray matter density decreases in bipolar I disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2004;55(6):648–651
  33. Macmaster FP, Mirza Y, Szeszko PR, Kmiecik LE, Easter PC, Taormina SP, et al. Amygdala and hippocampal volumes in familial early onset major depressive disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2008;63(4):385–390
  34. Malhi GS, Lagopoulos J, Owen AM, Ivanovski B, Shnier R, Sachdev P. Reduced activation to implicit affect induction in euthymic bipolar patients: an fMRI study. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2007;97(1–3):109–122
  35. Maldjian JA, Laurienti PJ, Kraft RA, Burdette JH. An automated method for neuroanatomic and cytoarchitectonic atlas-based interrogation of fMRI data sets. Neuroimage. 2003;19(3):1233–1239
  36. Manji HK, Moore GJ, Chen G. Bipolar disorder: leads from the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of mood stabilizers. British Journal of Psychiatry Supplement. 2001;41:s107–s119
  37. McNaughton N, Corr PJ. A two-dimensional neuropsychology of defense: fear/anxiety and defensive distance. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 2004;28(3):285–305
  38. Moore GJ, Bebchuk JM, Wilds IB, Chen G, Manji HK. Lithium-induced increase in human brain grey matter. Lancet. 2000;356(9237):1241–1242
  39. Munn MA, Alexopoulos J, Nishino T, Babb CM, Flake LA, Singer T, et al. Amygdala volume analysis in female twins with major depression. Biological Psychiatry. 2007;62(5):415–422
  40. Narr KL, Bilder RM, Luders E, Thompson PM, Woods RP, Robinson D, et al. Asymmetries of cortical shape: effects of handedness, sex and schizophrenia. Neuroimage. 2007;34(3):939–948
  41. Nugent AC, Milham MP, Bain EE, Mah L, Cannon DM, Marrett S, et al. Cortical abnormalities in bipolar disorder investigated with MRI and voxel-based morphometry. Neuroimage. 2006;30(2):485–497
  42. Oakes TR, Fox AS, Johnstone T, Chung MK, Kalin N, Davidson RJ. Integrating VBM into the General Linear Model with voxelwise anatomical covariates. Neuroimage. 2007;34(2):500–508
  43. Ongur D, Price JL. The organization of networks within the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex of rats, monkeys and humans. Cerebral Cortex. 2000;10(3):206–219
  44. Ongur D, Drevets WC, Price JL. Glial reduction in the subgenual prefrontal cortex in mood disorders. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States America. 1998;95(22):13290–13295
  45. Ongur D, Ferry AT, Price JL. Architectonic subdivision of the human orbital and medial prefrontal cortex. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2003;460(3):425–449
  46. Phan KL, Taylor SF, Welsh RC, Ho SH, Britton JC, Liberzon I. Neural correlates of individual ratings of emotional salience: a trial-related fMRI study. Neuroimage. 2004;21(2):768–780
  47. Phillips ML, Drevets WC, Rauch SL, Lane R. Neurobiology of emotion perception I: the neural basis of normal emotion perception. Biological Psychiatry. 2003;54(5):504–514
  48. Phillips ML, Drevets WC, Rauch SL, Lane R. Neurobiology of emotion perception II: implications for major psychiatric disorders. Biological Psychiatry. 2003;54(5):515–528
  49. Phillips ML, Travis MJ, Fagiolini A, Kupfer DJ. Medication effects in neuroimaging studies of bipolar disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2003;165:313–320
  50. Rosso IM, Killgore WD, Cintron CM, Gruber SA, Tohen M, Yurgelun-Todd DA. Reduced amygdala volumes in first-episode bipolar disorder and correlation with cerebral white matter. Biological Psychiatry. 2007;61(6):743–749
  51. Sackeim HA. The definition and meaning of treatment-resistant depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2001;62(Suppl 16):10–17
  52. Sheline YI. 3D MRI studies of neuroanatomic changes in unipolar major depression: the role of stress and medical comorbidity. Biological Psychiatry. 2000;48(8):791–800
  53. Spielberger CD. Professional Manual for the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources; 1988;
  54. Strakowski SM, DelBello MP, Adler C, Cecil DM, Sax KW. Neuroimaging in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disorder. 2000;2(3 Pt 1):148–164
  55. Surguladze S, Brammer MJ, Keedwell P, Giampietro V, Young AW, Travis MJ, et al. A differential pattern of neural response toward sad versus happy facial expressions in major depressive disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2005;57(3):201–209
  56. Surguladze S, Russell T, Kucharska-Pietura K, Travis MJ, Giampietro V, David AS, et al. A reversal of the normal pattern of parahippocampal response to neutral and fearful faces is associated with reality distortion in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry. 2006;60(5):423–431
  57. Swanson LW. The amygdala and its place in the cerebral hemisphere. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2003;985:174–184
  58. Talairach J, Tournoux P. Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain: 3-dimensional proportional system: an approach to cerebral imaging. New York: Thieme Medial Publishers, Inc.; 1988;
  59. Tang Y, Wang F, Xie G, Liu J, Li L, Su L, et al. Reduced ventral anterior cingulate and amygdala volumes in medication-naive females with major depressive disorder: a voxel-based morphometric magnetic resonance imaging study. Psychiatry Research. 2007;156(1):83–86
  60. Weinberger DR, Luchins DJ, Morihisa J, Wyatt RJ. Asymmetrical volumes of the right and left frontal and occipital regions of the human brain. Annals of Neurology. 1982;11(1):97–100

PII: S0925-4927(08)00025-5

doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2008.02.001

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Volume 171, Issue 1 , Pages 54-68 , 30 January 2009