Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Volume 163, Issue 3 , Pages 201-212 , 30 August 2008

Brain anatomy of persistent violent offenders: More rather than less

  • Jari Tiihonen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
    • Department of Clinical Physiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Kuopio, Niuvanniemi Hospital, FI-70240 Kuopio, Finland. Tel: +358 17 203 111; fax: +358 17 203 494.
    • ,
  • Roberta Rossi

      Affiliations

    • Laboratory of Epidemiology Neuroimaging, and Telemedicine and Biological Psychiatric Unit, IRCCS San Giovanni di Dio- FBF, Brescia, Italy
    • ,
  • Mikko P. Laakso

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
    • Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
    • ,
  • Sheilagh Hodgins

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, University of London, UK
    • ,
  • Cristina Testa

      Affiliations

    • Laboratory of Epidemiology Neuroimaging, and Telemedicine, IRCCS San Giovanni di Dio-FBF, Brescia, Italy; Machine Vision Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
    • ,
  • Jorge Perez

      Affiliations

    • Biological Psychiatry Unit and Double Diagnosis Ward, IRCCS San Giovanni di Dio- FBF, Brescia, Italy
    • ,
  • Eila Repo-Tiihonen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
    • ,
  • Olli Vaurio

      Affiliations

    • Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
    • ,
  • Hilkka Soininen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
    • ,
  • Hannu J. Aronen

      Affiliations

    • Functional Brain Imaging Unit, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki Brain Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
    • Centre for Military Medicine, Finnish Defence Forces, Helsinki, Finland
    • Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
    • ,
  • Mervi Könönen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
    • Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
    • ,
  • Paul M. Thompson

      Affiliations

    • Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Brain Mapping Division, Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
    • ,
  • Giovanni B. Frisoni

      Affiliations

    • Psychogeriatrics Ward and Laboratory of Epidemiology Neuroimaging and Telemedicine, IRCCS San Giovanni di Dio FBF, Brescia, Italy; AFaR — Associazione Fatebenefratelli per la Ricerca, Rome, Italy

Received 20 February 2007 ,Revised 30 May 2007 ,Accepted 26 August 2007.

References 

  1. Aarons GA, Ziegenhorn LA, Brown SA. Adolescent conduct disorder, substance use, and traumatic injury. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse. 2003;12:1–18
  2. Aasly J, Storsaeter O, Nilsen G, Smevik O, Rinck P. Minor structural brain changes in young drug abusers. A magnetic resonance study. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 1993;87:210–214
  3. Agartz I, Brag S, Franck J, Hammarberg A, Okugawa G, Svinhufvud K, et al. MR volumetry during acute alcohol withdrawal and abstinence: a descriptive study. Alcohol. 2003;38:71–78
  4. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. fourth edition. Washington, DC: The Association; 1994;
  5. Anderson SW, Bechara A, Damasio H, Tranel D, Damasio AR. Impairment of social and moral behavior related to early damage in human prefrontal cortex. Nature Neuroscience. 1999;2:1032–1037
  6. Armstrong T, Costello EJ. Community studies on adolescent substance use, abuse, or dependence and psychiatric comorbidity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2002;70:1224–1239
  7. Birbaumer N, Veit R, Lotze M, Erb M, Hermann C, Grodd W, et al. Deficient fear conditioning in psychopathy: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2005;62:799–805
  8. Blair RJR. Neurobiological basis of psychopath. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2003;182:5–7
  9. Blair RJR. The roles of orbital frontal cortex in the modulation of antisocial behavior. Brain Cognition. 2004;55:198–208
  10. Blair RJR. Applying a cognitive neuroscience perspective to the disorder of psychopathy. Development and Psychopathology. 2005;17:867–891
  11. Blakemore SJ, Choudhury S. Development of the adolescent brain: implications for executive function and social cognition. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2006;47:296–312
  12. Cloninger CR. A systematic method for clinical description and classification of personality variants: a proposal. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1987;44:573–588
  13. Cohen J. Statistical Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988;
  14. Dolan M, Deakin WJ, Roberts N, Anderson I. Serotonergic and cognitive impairment in impulsive aggressive personality disordered offenders: are there implications for treatment?. Psychological Medicine. 2002;32:105–117
  15. Eronen M, Hakola P, Tiihonen J. Factors associated with homicide recidivism in a 13-year sample of homicide offenders in Finland. Psychiatric Services. 1996;47:403–406
  16. Eronen M, Hakola P, Tiihonen J. Mental disorders and homicidal behavior in Finland. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1996;53:497–501
  17. Escubedo E, Guitart L, Sureda FX, Jimenez A, Pubill D, Pallas M, et al. Microgliosis and down-regulation of adenosine transporter induced by methamphetamine in rats. Brain Research. 1998;814:120–126
  18. Farrow TF, Zeng Y, Wilkinson ID, Spence SA, Deaking JF, Tarrier N, et al. Investigating the functional anatomy of empathy and forgiveness. Neuroraport. 2001;12:2433–2438
  19. Fazel S, Danesh J. Serious mental disorder in 23000 prisoners: a systematic review of 62 surveys. Lancet. 2002;359:545–550
  20. Fulero SM. Review of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist — revised. In:  Concoley JC,  Impara J editor. Twelve Mental Measurements Yearbook. Lincoln, NE: Buros Institute; 1995;p. 453–454
  21. Grafman J, Schwab K, Warden D, Pridgen A, Brown HR, Salazar AM. Frontal lobe injuries, violence, and aggression: a report of the Vietnam Head Injury Study. Neurology. 1996;46:1231–1238
  22. Hare RD, McPherson LM. Violent and aggressive behavior by criminal psychopaths. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 1984;7:35–50
  23. Hare RD. The Hare Psychopathy Checklist — Revised. Toronto: Multi-Health Systems; 1991;
  24. Hare RD. Psychopathy, affect and behavior. In:  Cooke DJ,  Forth AE,  Hare RD editor. Psychopathy: Theory, Research and Implications for Society. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer; 1998;p. 105–138
  25. Hauser KF, Khurdayan VK, Goody RJ, Nath A, Saria A, Pauly JR. Selective vulnerability of cerebellar granule neuroblasts and their progeny to drugs with abuse liability. Cerebellum. 2003;2:184–195
  26. Haier RJ, Jung RE, Yeo RA, Head K, Alkire MT. Structural brain variation and general intelligence. Neuroimage. 2004;23:425–433
  27. Hemphill JR, Hare RD, Wong S. Psychopathy and recidivism: a review. Legal and Criminological Psychology. 1998;3:139–170
  28. Hicks BM, Patrick CJ, Markon KE, Krueger RF, Newman JP. Identifying psychopathy subtypes on the basis of personality structure. Psychological Assessment. 2004;16:276–288
  29. Hodgins S. Status at age 30 of children with conduct problems. Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention. 1994;3:41–62
  30. Jernigan TL, Gamst AC, Archibald SL, Fennema-Notestine C, Mindt MR, Marcotte TD, et al. Effects of methamphetamine dependence and HIV infection on cerebral morphology. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2005;162:1461–1472
  31. Kohler E, Keysers C, Umilta MA, Fogassi L, Gallese V, Rizzolatti G. Hearing sounds, understanding actions: action representation in mirror neurons. Science. 2002;297:846–848
  32. Kruesi MJ, Casanova MF, Mannheim G, Johnson-Bilder A. Reduced temporal lobe volume in early onset conduct disorder. Psychiatry Research. 2004;132:1–11
  33. Laakso MP, Vaurio O, Koivisto E, Savolainen L, Eronen M, Aronen HJ, et al. Psychopathy and the posterior hippocampus. Behavioural Brain Research. 2001;118:187–193
  34. Laakso MP, Gunning-Dixon F, Vaurio O, Repo-Tiihonen E. Prefrontal volumes in habitually violent subjects with antisocial personality disorder and type 2 alcoholism. Psychiatry Research. 2002;114:95–102
  35. Lapierre D, Braun CMJ, Hodgins S. Ventral frontal deficits in psychopathy: neuropsychological test findings. Neuropsychologia. 1995;33:139–151
  36. Liu X, Matochik JA, Cadet JL, London ED. Smaller volume of prefrontal lobe in polysubstance abusers: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuropsychopharmacology. 1998;18:243–252
  37. Lyoo IK, Pollack MH, Silveri MM, Ahn KH, Diaz CI, Hwang J, et al. Prefrontal and temporal gray matter density decreases in opiate dependence. Psychopharmacology (Berlin). 2006;184:139–144
  38. Moll J, Eslinger PJ, Oliveira-Souza R. Frontopolar and anterior temporal cortex activation in a moral judgement task: preliminary fuctional MRI results in normal subjects. Arquivos de Neuro-Psequiatria. 2001;59:657–664
  39. Moffitt TE. Adelescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: a developmental taxonomy. Psychological Bulletin. 1993;100:674–701
  40. Paulus MP, Rogalsky C, Simmons A, Feinstein JS, Stein MB. Increased activation in the right insula during risk-taking decision making is related to harm avoidance and neuroticism. Neuroimage. 2003;19:1439–1448
  41. Pridmore S, Chambers A, McArthur M. Neuroimaging in psychopathy. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2005;39:856–865
  42. Raine A, Lencz T, Bihrle S, LaCasse L, Colletti P. Reduced prefrontal gray matter volume and reduced autonomic activity in antisocial personality disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2000;57:119–127
  43. Raine A, Lencz T, Taylor K, Hellige JB, Bihrle S, Lacasse L, et al. Corpus callosum abnormalities in psychopathic antisocial individuals. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2003;60:1134–1142
  44. Schroeder ML, Schroeder KG, Hare RD. Generalizability of a checklist for the assessment of psychopathy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 1985;51:511–516
  45. Sterzer P, Stadler C, Poustka F, Kleinschmidt A. Aggressive behavior in adolescents is associated with reduced grey matter in anterior insular cortex. In: Paper Presented at the Meeting of Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie and Nervenheilkunde. Berlin. 2005;
  46. Sterzer P, Stadler C, Krebs A, Kleinschmidt A, Poustka F. Abnormal neural responses to emotional visual stimuli in adolescents with conduct disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2005;57:7–15
  47. Thompson PM, Hayashi KM, Simon SL, Geaga JA, Hong MS, Sui Y, et al. Structural abnormalities in the brains of human subjects who use methamphetamine. Journal of Neuroscience. 2004;24:6028–6036
  48. Tiihonen J, Hakola P. Psychiatric disorders and homicide recidivism. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1994;1561:436–438
  49. Tiihonen J, Hodgins S, Vaurio O, Laakso M, Repo E, Soininen H, et al. Amygdaloid volumes loss in psychopathy. In: Society for Neuroscience 2000 Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La, November 4–9. 2000;
  50. Vollm BA, Taylor AN, Richardson P, Corcoran R, Stirling J, McKie S, et al. Neuronal correlates of theory of mind and empathy: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in a nonverbal task. Neuroimage. 2006;29:90–98
  51. Wechsler D. Adult Intelligence Scale. San Antonio, TX, USA: Psychological Corporation; 1981;
  52. Yang Y, Raine A, Lencz T, Bihrle S, LaCasse L, Colletti P. Volume reduction in prefrontal gray matter in unsuccessful criminal psychopaths. Biological Psychiatry. 2005;57:1103–1108

PII: S0925-4927(07)00173-4

doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2007.08.012

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Volume 163, Issue 3 , Pages 201-212 , 30 August 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution