Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Volume 147, Issue 1 , Pages 1-25 , 30 June 2006

Review of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings in major depressive disorder: A meta-analysis

  • Aysegul Yildiz-Yesiloglu

      Affiliations

    • Dokuz Eylul Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Izmir, Turkey
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Ilica Mah. Zeytin Sok. Seher Apt. No: 30/16 PK: 35320 Narlidere, Izmir/Turkey. Tel.: +90 232 239 1544, +90 232 412 4160; fax: +90 232 278 1266.
    • ,
  • Donna Pauler Ankerst

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Munich, Germany

Received 10 March 2004 ,Revised 23 November 2005 ,Accepted 12 December 2005.

References 

  1. Auer DP, Pütz B, Kraft E, Lipinski B, Schill J, Holsboer F. Reduced glutamate in the anterior cingulate cortex in depression: an in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Biological Psychiatry. 2000;47:305–313
  2. Barkai AI, Dunner DL, Gross HA, Mayo P, Fieve RR. Reduced myo-inositol levels in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with affective disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 1978;13:65–72
  3. Baslow MH. Functions of N-acetyl-l-aspartate and N-acetyl-l-aspartylglutamate in the vertebrate brain: role in glial cell specific signaling. Journal of Neurochemistry. 2000;75:453–459
  4. Bertolino A, Frye M, Callicott JH, Mattay VS, Rakow R, Shelton-Repella J, et al. Neuronal pathology in the hippocampal area of patients with bipolar disorder: A study with Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging. Biological Psychiatry. 2003;53:906–913
  5. Binesh N, Kumar A, Hwang S, Mintz J, Thomas MA. Neurochemistry of late-life depression: a pilot two dimensional MR spectroscopic study. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 2004;20:1039–1045
  6. Brambilla P, Glahn DC, Balestrieri M, Soares JC. Magnetic resonance findings in bipolar disorder. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 2005;28:443–467
  7. Brambilla P, Stanley JA, Nicoletti MA, Sassi RB, Mallinger AG, Frank E, et al. 1H Magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in unipolar mood disorder patients. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2005;138:131–139
  8. Caetano SC, Fonseca M, Olvera RL, Nicoletti M, Hatch JP, Stanley JA, et al. Proton spectroscopy study of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in pediatric depressed patients. Neuroscience Letters. 2005;384:321–326
  9. Chang L, Cloak CC, Ernst T. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of GABA in neuropsychiatric disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2003;64(suppl 3):7–14
  10. Charles HC, Lazeyras F, Krishnan KRR, Boyko OB, Payne M, Moore D. Brain choline in depression: in vivo detection of potential pharmacodynamic effects of antidepressant therapy using hydrogen localized spectroscopy. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. 1994;18:1121–1127
  11. Cooper H, Hedges LV. In: The Handbook of Research Synthesis. New York: Russell Sage Foundation; 1994;p. 231–284
  12. Coupland NJ, Ogilvie CJ, Hegadoren KM, Seres P, Hanstock CC, Allen PS. Decreased prefrontal myo-inositol in major depressive disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2005;57:1526–1534
  13. Czeh B, Michaelis T, Watanabe T, Frahm J, de Biurrun G, vanKampen M, et al. Stress induced changes in cerebral metabolites, hippocampal volume, and cell proliferation are prevented by antidepressant treatment with tianeptine. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2001;98:12796–12801
  14. De Stefano N, Matthews PM, Arnold DL. Reversible decreases in N-acetylaspartate after acute brain injury. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 1995;34:721–727
  15. Duman RS, Malberg J, Nakagawa S, D'Sa C. Neuronal plasticity and survival in mood disorders. Biological Psychiatry. 2000;48:732–739
  16. Ende G, Braus DF, Walter S, Weber-Fahr W, Henn FA. The hippocampus in patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2000;57:937–943
  17. Farchione TR, Moore GJ, Rosenberg DR. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in pediatric major depression. Biological Psychiatry. 2002;52:86–92
  18. Frey R, Metzler D, Fischer P, Heiden A, Scharfetter J, Moser E, et al. Myo-inositol in depressive and healthy subjects determined by frontal 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 1.5 Tesla. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 1998;32:411–420
  19. Gallo V, Ghiani CA. Glutamate receptors in glia: new cells, new inputs and new functions. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 2000;21:252–258
  20. Glitz DA, Manji HK, Moore GJ. Mood disorders: treatment-induced changes in brain neurochemistry and structure. Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry. 2002;7:269–280
  21. Gruber S, Frey R, Mlynarik V, Stadlbauer A, Heiden A, Kasper S, et al. Quantification of metabolic differences in the frontal brain of depressive patients and controls obtained by 1H-MRS at 3 Tesla. Investigative Radiology. 2003;38:403–408
  22. Hamakawa H, Kato T, Murashita J, Kato N. Quantitative proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the basal ganglia in patients with affective disorders. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. 1998;248:53–58
  23. Janowsky DS, El-Yousef MK, Davis JM, Sekerke HJ. A cholinergic–adrenergic hypothesis of mania and depression. Lancet. 1972;ii:632–635
  24. Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Nelson CB, Hughes M, Swartz M, Blazer DG. Sex and depression in the national comorbidity survey: II. Cohort effects. Journal of Affective Disorders. 1994;30:15–26
  25. Kumar A, Thomas A, Lavretsky H, Yue K, Huda A, Curran J, et al. Frontal white matter biochemical abnormalities in late life major depression detected with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2002;159:630–636
  26. Kusumakar V, MacMaster FP, Gates L, Sparkes SJ, Khan SC. Left medial temporal cytosolic choline in early onset depression. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 2001;46:959–964
  27. Levine J, Barak Y, Gonzalves M, Szor H, Elizur A, Kofman O, et al. Double-blind, controlled trial of inositol treatment of depression. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1995;152:792–794
  28. Levine J, Panchalingam K, Rapoport A, Gershon S, McClure RJ, Pettegrew JW. Increased cerebrospinal fluid glutamine levels in depressed patients. Biological Psychiatry. 2000;47:586–593
  29. Malhi SG, Valenzuela M, Wen W, Sachdev P. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and its applications in psychiatry. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2002;36:31–43
  30. Matalon R, Michals K, Sebesta D, Deanching M, Gashkoff P, Casanova J. Aspartoacylase deficiency and N-acetylaspartic aciduria in patients with Canavan disease. American Journal of Medical Genetics. 1988;29:463–471
  31. Michael N, Erfurth A, Ohrmann P, Arolt V, Heindel W, Pfleiderer B. Metabolic changes within the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex occurring with electroconvulsive therapy in patients with treatment resistant unipolar depression. Psychological Medicine. 2003;33:1277–1284
  32. Michael N, Erfurth A, Ohrmann P, Arolt V, Heindel W, Pfleiderer B. Neurotrophic effects of electroconvulsive therapy: a proton magnetic resonance study of the left amygdala region in patients with treatment resistant depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003;28:720–725
  33. Mirza Y, Tang J, Russell A, Banerjee P, Bhandari R, Ivey J, et al. Reduced anterior cingulate cortex glutamatergic concentrations in childhood major depression. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2004;43:341–348
  34. Moore GJ, Galloway MP. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy: neurochemistry and treatment effects in affective disorders. Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 2002;36:5–23
  35. Nolan CL, Moore GJ, Madden R, Farchione T, Bartoi M, Lorch E, et al. Prefrontal cortical volume in childhood onset major depression. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2002;59:173–179
  36. Nowak G, Ordway GA, Paul IA. Alterations in the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex in the frontal cortex of suicide victims. Brain Research. 1995;675:157–164
  37. Öngür D, Drevets WC, Price JL. Glial reductions in the subgenual prefrontal cortex in mood disorders. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1998;95:13290–13295
  38. Paul IA, Nowak G, Layer RT, Popik P, Skolnick P. Adaptation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor complex following chronic antidepressant treatments. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1994;269:95–102
  39. Petrie RX, Reid IC, Stewart CA. The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, synaptic plasticity, and depressive disorder: a critical review. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2000;87:11–25
  40. Petty F. GABA and mood disorders: a brief review and hypothesis. Journal of Affective Disorders. 1995;34:275–281
  41. Petty F, Kramer GL, Duman D, Rush AJ. Plasma GABA in mood disorders. Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 1990;26:157–161
  42. Pfleiderer B, Michael N, Erfurth A, Ohrmann P, Hohmann U, Wolgast M, et al. Effective electroconvulsive therapy reverses glutamate/glutamine deficit in the left anterior cingulum of unipolar depressed patients. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2003;122:185–192
  43. Rajkowska G. Postmortem studies in mood disorders indicate altered numbers of neurons and glial cells. Biological Psychiatry. 2000;48:766–777
  44. Rajkowska G, Halaris A, Selemon LD. Reductions in neuronal and glial density characterize the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2001;49:741–752
  45. Renshaw PF, Lafer B, Christensen JD, Stoll AL, Rothschild A, Fava M, et al. Proton MRS of basal ganglia in major depression. Biological Psychiatry. 1994;35:685
  46. Renshaw PF, Lafer B, Babb SM, Fava M, Stoll AL, Christensen JD, et al. Basal ganglia choline levels in depression and response to fluoxetine treatment: an in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Biological Psychiatry. 1997;41:837–843
  47. Rosenberg DR, Paulson LD, Seraji-Bozorgzad N, Wilds IB, Stewart CM, Moore GJ. Brain chemistry in pediatric depression. Biological Psychiatry. 2000;47:95S
  48. Sanacora G, Mason GI, Rothman DL, Behar KL, Hyder F, Petroff OA, et al. Reduced cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in depressed patients determined by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1999;56:1043–1047
  49. Sanacora G, Mason GF, Rothman DL, Krystal JH. Increased occipital cortex GABA concentrations in depressed patients after therapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2002;159:663–665
  50. Sanacora G, Mason GF, Rothman DL, Hyder F, Ciarcia JJ, Ostroff RB, et al. Increased cortical GABA concentrations in depressed patients receiving ECT. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2003;160:577–579
  51. Soares JC. Can brain-imaging studies provide a mood stabilizer signature?. Molecular Psychiatry. 2002;7:S64–S70
  52. Soares JC, Mann J. The anatomy of mood disorders – review of structural neuroimaging studies. Biological Psychiatry. 1997;41:86–106
  53. Sonawalla S, Renshaw PF, Moore CM, Alpert JE, Nierenberg AA, Rosenbaum JF, et al. Compounds containing cytosolic choline in the basal ganglia: a potential biological marker of true drug response to fluoxetine. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1999;156:1638–1640
  54. Stanley JA. In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy and its application to neuropsychiatric disorders. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 2002;47:315–326
  55. Steingard RJ, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Hennen J, Moore JC, Moore CM, Vakili K, et al. Increased orbitofrontol cortex levels of choline in depressed adolescents as detected by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Biological Psychiatry. 2000;48:1053–1061
  56. Vythilingam M, Charles HC, Tupler LA, Blitchington T, Kelly L, Krishnan KRR. Focal and lateralized subcortical abnormalities in unipolar major depressive disorder: an automated multivoxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Biological Psychiatry. 2003;54:744–750
  57. Van der Hart MGC, Czeh B, de Biurrun G, Michaelis T, Watanabe T, Natt O, et al. Substance P receptor antagonist and clomipramine prevent stress-induced alterations in cerebral metabolites, cytogenesis in the dentate gyrus and hippocampal volume. Molecular Psychiatry. 2002;7:933–941
  58. Yildiz-Yesiloglu, A., Ankerst, D.P., in press. Neurochemical alterations of the brain in bipolar disorder and their implications for pathophysiology: a systematic review of the in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry.

PII: S0925-4927(05)00217-9

doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2005.12.004

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
Volume 147, Issue 1 , Pages 1-25 , 30 June 2006

Article Tools